验证19c DG_BROKER快速启动故障切换FSFO
配置了dg_broker以后，默认的FSFO并未启动：
Fast-Start Failover: Disabled
这样如果主库意外故障，备库无法自动切换为主库，需要手动切换。
如果启动了FSFO，备库会自动切换为主库。以下是验证过程。
如果启动FSFO，需要主备库开启快速闪回功能，确认flashback_on为yes。
启动FSFO
DGMGRL> enable fast_start f[……]
19c GI打补丁到19.9节点2失败处理
[root@wydb02:1 ~]$ export PATH=$PATH:/u01/app/12.2.0/grid/OPatch
[root@wydb02:1 ~]$ opatchauto apply /u01/soft/patch/31750108
OPatchauto session is initiated at Sat Nov 28 13:21:58 2020
System initial[……]
CRS-6706错误处理
CRS打补丁时因为种种意外失败，会导致无法启动CRS：
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[root@wydb01:5 ~]$ crsctl start crs CRS-6706: Oracle Clusterware Release patch level ('1645742981') does not match Software patch level ('441346801'). Oracle Clusterware cannot be started. CRS-4000: Command Start failed, or completed with errors. |
原因是打补丁失败导致本地补丁包不一致，清理本地patch即可启动crs及db，如下操作：
clscfg -localpatch
然后就可以正常启动crs
因此为了避免网络中断等意外原因导致操作失败，打补丁时应该采用后台运行的方式！
19c RAC主库双节点打补丁p31750108_190000_Linux-x86-64.zip
1.2.1.2 Validation of Oracle Inventory
$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch lsinventory -detail -oh $ORACLE_HOME
1.2.1.3 Download and Unzip the Patch
[root@wydb01:0 /u01/soft/patch]$ unzip p31750108_190000_Linu[……]
19c ADG备库单节点DB打补丁p31771877_190000_Linux-x86-64.zip
严格按照官方文档《README.html》执行准备、检查，最后执行apply的操作如下。
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[oracle@wydbadg:1 /u01/soft/patch/31771877]$ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch apply Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 12.2.0.1.21 Copyright (c) 2020, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved. Oracle Home : /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1 Central Inventory : /u01/app/oraInventory from : /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/oraInst.loc OPatch version : 12.2.0.1.21 OUI version : 12.2.0.7.0 Log file location : /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2020-11-27_19-48-36PM_1.log Verifying environment and performing prerequisite checks... OPatch continues with these patches: 31771877 Do you want to proceed? [y|n] y User Responded with: Y All checks passed. Please shutdown Oracle instances running out of this ORACLE_HOME on the local system. (Oracle Home = '/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1') Is the local system ready for patching? [y|n] y User Responded with: Y Backing up files... Applying interim patch '31771877' to OH '/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1' ApplySession: Optional component(s) [ oracle.network.gsm, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.rdbms.ic, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.rdbms.tg4db2, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.tfa, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.options.olap.awm, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.net.cman, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.xdk.companion, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.oraolap.mgmt, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.network.cman, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.options.olap, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.assistants.usm, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.assistants.asm, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.sqlj, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.jdk, 1.8.0.191.0 ] not present in the Oracle Home or a higher version is found. Patching component oracle.rdbms.rsf, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.rdbms, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.rdbms.util, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.assistants.acf, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.assistants.deconfig, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.assistants.server, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.buildtools.rsf, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.ctx, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.dbjava.ic, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.dbjava.jdbc, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.dbjava.ucp, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.dbtoolslistener, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.ldap.rsf, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.network.rsf, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.oracore.rsf, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.rdbms.dbscripts, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.rdbms.deconfig, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.sdo, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.sdo.locator.jrf, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.sqlplus, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.usm.deconfig, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.rdbms.crs, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.oraolap, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.precomp.rsf, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.javavm.client, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.precomp.common.core, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.network.client, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.rdbms.scheduler, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.ctx.atg, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.marvel, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.oraolap.dbscripts, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.ovm, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.bali.ice, 11.1.1.7.0... Patching component oracle.ctx.rsf, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.rdbms.lbac, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.rdbms.oci, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.odbc, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.rdbms.rman, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.nlsrtl.rsf, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.rdbms.install.plugins, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.rdbms.drdaas, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.ldap.rsf.ic, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.ldap.security.osdt, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.network.listener, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.ons, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.rdbms.dv, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.javavm.server, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.xdk, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.ldap.owm, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.dbdev, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.rdbms.install.common, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.sdo.locator, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.duma, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.sqlplus.ic, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.xdk.rsf, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.xdk.parser.java, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.rdbms.rsf.ic, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.precomp.common, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.precomp.lang, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.jdk, 1.8.0.201.0... Patch 31771877 successfully applied. Sub-set patch [31281355] has become inactive due to the application of a super-set patch [31771877]. Please refer to Doc ID 2161861.1 for any possible further required actions. Log file location: /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2020-11-27_19-48-36PM_1.log OPatch succeeded. |
注，这是一个adg单节点，只打了软件补丁，数据库的操作并没有执行，待后续重新同步主库数据吧。
最后检查下补丁结果：
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[oracle@wydbadg:1 ~]$ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch lspatches 31771877;Database Release Update : 19.9.0.0.201020 (31771877) 29585399;OCW RELEASE UPDATE 19.3.0.0.0 (29585399) OPatch succeeded. |
adg备库没有temp文件
想测试一下备库只读模式下的读写功能，报错如下：
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TEST@10.231.236.236:1521/pdbapp> insert into test values(2); insert into test values(2) * ERROR at line 1: ORA-25153: Temporary Tablespace is Empty |
查看temp表空间、文件：
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TEST@10.231.236.236:1521/pdbapp> select TS#,name from v$tablespace; TS# NAME --------------- -------------------- 0 SYSTEM 1 SYSAUX 2 UNDOTBS1 3 TEMP 4 UNDO_2 TEST@10.231.236.236:1521/pdbapp> select FILE#,NAME from v$tempfile; no rows selected |
可见temp表空间没有temp文件。
因此只能停止同步，修改自动文件管理为手动，增加temp文件，如下操作：
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CDB执行： recover managed standby database cancel; alter system set standby_file_management='MANUAL'; PDB执行： alter tablespace temp add tempfile size 5g; CDB执行： ALTER SYSTEM SET STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO scope=both; recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session; |
再次在备库执行i[……]
ADG备库为PDB配置监听
创建一个PDB，数据库默认会自动创建和启动一个同名的service，且不能被删除。
select SERVICE_ID,NAME,CREATION_DATE,PDB from dba_services;
但在创建adg备库时，并不会自动配置和启动这个服务，这样就导致应用无法直接访问备库的PDB。
需手动在备库配置这个静态监听，如下第2个SID_DESC就是一个PDB的配置方法：
GLOBAL_DB[……]
触发器引起的ADG备库同步错误
数据库alert日志报错ORA-16000，查看对应的trc文件，大致如下报错：
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<strong><em> 2020-10-27 14:09:03.340 </em></strong> SESSION ID:(3340.75) 2020-10-27 14:09:03.340 <strong><em> CLIENT ID:() 2020-10-27 14:09:03.340 </em></strong> SERVICE NAME:(SYS$USERS) 2020-10-27 14:09:03.340 <strong><em> MODULE NAME:(rman@jkadg (TNS V1-V3)) 2020-10-27 14:09:03.340 </em></strong> ACTION NAME:() 2020-10-27 14:09:03.340</p> <p>Error in executing triggers on connect internal *** 2020-10-27 14:09:03.340 dbkedDefDump(): Starting a non-incident diagnostic dump (flags=0x0, level=0, mask=0x0) ----- Error Stack Dump ----- ORA-00604: error occurred at recursive SQL level 1 ORA-16000: database open for read-only access ORA-06512: at line 2 |
或者
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*** 2020-10-27 14:17:36.669 *** SESSION ID:(3196.279) 2020-10-27 14:17:36.669 *** CLIENT ID:() 2020-10-27 14:17:36.669 *** SERVICE NAME:() 2020-10-27 14:17:36.669 *** MODULE NAME:(plsqldev.exe) 2020-10-27 14:17:36.669 *** ACTION NAME:() 2020-10-27 14:17:36.669 Skipped error 604 during the execution of RMW_INSPUR_ZONGZI.LOGON_TRIGGER *** 2020-10-27 14:17:36.669 dbkedDefDump(): Starting a non-incident diagnostic dump (flags=0x0, level=0, mask=0x0) ----- Error Stack Dump ----- ORA-00604: µÝ¹é SQL ¼¶±ð 1 ³öÏÖ´íÎó ORA-16000: ´ò¿ªÊý¾Ý¿âÒÔ½øÐÐÖ»¶Á·ÃÎÊ ORA-06512: ÔÚ line 2 |
可见最终的错误线索均指向了备库连接时或登录触发器动作时，将主库的登录或连接触发器关闭，再次打开备库同步成功。
做了一个梦
昨晚做了一个梦，最近在鼓捣的一台新服务器，从太空路由器接了两根网线，另一根网线直通了米国，醒来自己都有点醉了，这根网线到底是有多飘啊？
install another opensshd on linux7
注1：本文已在如下版本测试通过 RedHat/CentOS 7.1/7.6
注2：本文采用新安装方式，保留已有版本，好处是不影响旧版本
■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ 目录
■■配置telnet服务、gcc编译器
■■安装新版本zlib
■■安装新版本openssl
■■安装新版本openssh
■■配置新的sshd系统服务
■■可能遇见的问题处理—openssl
■■可能遇见的问[……]